What Happened on the Cross
The Theology of our Salvation

he above diagram shows what happened on the Cross at Calvary. Jesus bought us [Redemption] through his blood which satisfied [Propitiated] God the Father's wrath [Divine Retribution]. This sacrifice that Jesus offered was an Expiative Sacrifice. Because of this, we can be Justified by Faith if we receive this great and precious gift offered to us.
Because of all of this, "The Great Exchange" has occured. In this exchange, Jesus' righteousness becomes ours and our sin becomes His! This is called Imputation.
For a more in-depth definition of the above terms, read below:

Propitiation:
“The turning aside and satisfaction of wrath.”
Isaiah 53
Romans 5:9

Expiation
“The offering of a sacrifice, which has as its effect the turning aside and satisfaction of wrath.”
Romans 3:25; hilasterion; to appease, to turn aside wrath; also used in LXX for the mercy seat.

Justification
“The declaration of righteousness”
This can happen after imputation [at the time of regeneration] or it can be innate.

Innate justification can be either:
1) A natural state of being just [which is only true of God] {Psalm 51:4}
2) Situational. A sinner who does what is right is “righteous/just”
{ex. Gen 38:26; Matthew 1:19}
Romans 5:18
Luke 18:14
Romans 3:28; 5:1; 10:10

Imputation
“To reckon to the account of someone that which is not actually his own.”
2 Corinthians 5:21
Imputed Righteousness: God declares a sinner righteous by reckoning Christ’s righteousness to him.

Redemption
“The purchase and recovery of that which was destined for destruction by deliverance and payment of ransom”
I Corinthians 6:19-20
1) Of the soul: Romans 3:24; Ephesians 1:7—happens at the time of regeneration
2) Of the body: Romans 8:23; Ephesians 1:14—happens when Christ returns
3) Of the world order and governments: Luke 2:38—happens when Christ returns

Divine Retribution
“The exacting of God’s wrath and punishment”

1) Complete Divine Retribution is exacted against:
a) Innate sin; i.e. those who have rejected God’s offer of eternal life
b) Imputed sin; i.e. Christ on the cross. He was imputed with our sin { 2 Corinthians 5:21}

2) Partial Divine Retribution
Present day and future exacting of God’s punishment for sin { Romans 1:18 }

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